Knowledge base · source
ILCAA Ainu materials 1976
Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), Tokyo University of Foreign Studies (1976). AA研アイヌ語資料[ILCAA Ainu language materials].
db.aynu.org/ilcaa-ainu-materials primary-data hokkaido
75chapters citing
14citing sentences
128examples
0statements extracted
0claims with a stance
Chapters citing this source
Examples cited from this source
topenpe atay poka ka somo a=kore
sweet price even also NEG 4.A=give
‘She couldn't even be given the price of one sweet.’
tane rikin wa isam pe okake ta
now ascend CONJ be.gone NMLZ after LOC
‘Now, after (the god) had ascended and vanished,’
caricari wa isam ru-we ne kuni a=ramu kor
be.scattered CONJ be.gone track-POSS COP COMP 4.A=think while
‘(while she was) thinking that (things) had been scattered and vanished,’
oka=an ayne tane asinuma ka poro=an
exist=4.S then now 4.SG also grow.up=4.S
‘As we lived on, I too had now quite grown up.’
hinak wa arki wen cikap-po utar
where from come.PL bad bird-DIM ASS
‘the bad little birds that came from somewhere’
pon cep-po utar pirasa wa
be.small fish-DIM ASS spread.out CONJ
‘spreading out the small fish’
okkay-po utar
man-DIM ASS
‘young men (Saru: unambiguously DIM reading)’
hinak wa arki wen cikap-po utar
where from come.PL bad bird-DIM ASS
‘the bad little birds that had come from somewhere’
okkaypo utari ne yakka
young.man group COP even.though
‘even though they are young men’
wen cikap-po utar
be.bad bird-DIM people
‘bad little birds’
sike-he kasi ta
luggage-POSS top LOC
‘on top of the luggage’
wa kotan kor kur a=ne wa an=an
CONJ village have person 4.A=COP CONJ exist=4.S
‘I was the village chief.’
makan uske ta a=teke-he ani makan uske ta
somehow place LOC 4.A=hand-POSS INS somehow place LOC
‘Somehow [the elder brother] took hold of my hand and …’
nekon ne wa a=yup-ihi an=sa-ha hawe-he ka isam ruwe ene an hi an
why COP CONJ 4.A=elder.brother-POSS 4.A=elder.sister-POSS voice-POSS even be.absent track-POSS thus exist NMLZ exist
‘How is it that neither my elder brother's nor elder sister's voice is to be heard?’
a=yup-ihi an=sa-ha haw-ehe ka isam
4.A=elder.brother-POSS 4.A=elder.sister-POSS voice-POSS also absent
‘There is no voice from his elder brother or elder sister.’
Ikuresuye nispa santek-ehe situri
Ikuresuye lord descendant-POSS prosper
‘The descendants of Lord Ikuresuye will prosper.’
nekon ne wa a=yupi-hi an=sa-ha haw-ehe ka isam ruwe ne
how COP CONJ 4.A=elder.brother-POSS 4.A=elder.sister-POSS voice-POSS also not.exist track-POSS COP
‘How is it that my elder brother's and my elder sister's voice is not heard?’
asinuma anak=ne iwor so ka a=e-hoyupu wa
4sg TOP hunting.ground summit over 4.A=APPL-fly.about CONJ
‘As for myself, I flew about over the hunting ground…’
arpa akusu nea menoko
go CONJ DEM.ANAPH woman
‘…when (he) went, that woman (the one already introduced)…’
nupuri epunkine kamuy hunna ne ya
mountain each kamuy who COP FIN
‘Who should be the kamuy to guard each mountain peak?’
hemanta ne kusu ene po easir
what COP PURP like.this somewhat grow.well
‘Why has (he) grown so well like this!’
ne kenas or peka ekimne=an kor
DEM forest place PERL hunt=4.S while
‘while going through that forest to hunt’
ne kenas or peka ekimne=an kor
DEM forest place PERL hunt=4.S while
‘While hunting through that forest, …’
kiwkode paye=an wa ne yakun wakkata=an ka eaykap kusu
express.train go.PL=4.S CONJ COP if draw.water=4.S even be.unable because
‘If we go by express train, we cannot even draw water.’
a=onáha a=unúhu a=ronnu pa wa ora
4.POSS=father 4.POSS=mother 4.A=kill.PL PL CONJ then
‘My father and my mother were killed, and then …’
rus patek a=mi wa hotke=an pa
fur only 4.A=wear CONJ sleep=4.S PL
‘We wore only fur and slept.’
a=utárihi hokure poronno túnas suke pa wa ipe pa kironnu pa
4.POSS=companions come.on a.lot quickly cook PL CONJ eat PL be.full PL
‘My companions, hurry, cook plenty, eat, and eat your fill.’
hokure hokure ape sam ta arki yan
come.on come.on fire side LOC come.PL IMP.POL
‘Please come, come near the fire.’
en=epunkine wa en=kore yan
1SG.O=protect CONJ 1SG.O=give IMP
‘Please protect me.’
sanbyakugojuen a=un=kore hike ka
350.yen 4.A=1PL.EXCL.O=give although even
‘although we were given 350 yen, …’
en=epunkine wa en=kore yan
1SG.O=protect CONJ 1SG.O=give IMP
‘Please protect me.’
sanbyakugojuen a=un=kore hike ka
350.yen 4.A=1PL.EXCL.O=give although even
‘Although they gave us 350 yen, …’
sunku tono mat i=kaopiwki wa i=kore
Sunku lord wife 4.O=help CONJ 4.O=give
‘Help me and take care of me, wife of the lord of Sunku.’
a=rehe Ikuresuye sekor a=i=réko
4.POSS=name Ikuresuye QUOT 4.A=4.O=call
‘I was named Ikuresuye.’
rus patek a=mi wa hotke=an pa
fur only 4.A=wear CONJ sleep=4.S PL
‘We wore only fur and slept.’
tapan kina a=e p ne toan kina somo a=e p ne
this plant 4.A=eat NMLZ COP that plant NEG 4.A=eat NMLZ COP
‘This plant is one that people eat; that plant is one that people do not eat.’
a=rehe Ikuresuye sekor a=i=reko
4.POSS=name Ikuresuye QUOT 4.A=4.O=name
‘I was named Ikuresuye.’
a=rehe Ikuresuye sekor a=i=reko
4.POSS=name Ikuresuye QUOT 4.A=4.O=name
‘I was named Ikuresuye.’
rus patek a=mi wa hotke=an pa
fur only 4.A=wear CONJ sleep=4.S PL
‘We wore only furs and slept.’
pet or ta ran=an wa suy cep-koyki=an rok ayne
river place LOC descend.SG=4.S CONJ again fish-catch=4.S PL.PRF then
‘I went down to the river and caught fish again, and at last …’
petkorkamuy kamuy katkemat a=ko-yay-irayke hi a=ye a
river.deity deity woman 4.A=APPL-REFL-be.grateful NMLZ 4.A=say PFV
‘saying that one gave thanks to the river goddess’
tapne tapne i-nu=an wa kusu
thus thus ANTIP-hear=4.S CONJ CONJ
‘Since I had heard (the story) thus, in this very way,’
asinuma ka nusa sam ta yay-karkarse-re=an kor paraparak
1SG.EMPH even altar beside LOC REFL-roll-CAUS=4.S CONJ wail
‘I too rolled about by the altar, wailing.’
i=nukar rok pe si-etaye wa isam
4.O=see PRF thing AUTOC-withdraw CONJ be.absent
‘On seeing me, it withdrew and was gone.’
petkorkamuy kamuy katkemat a=ko-yay-irayke hi a=ye a a=ye a kor
river.deity deity woman 4.A=APPL-REFL-be.grateful NMLZ 4.A=say PFV 4.A=say PFV CONJ
‘Again and again giving thanks to the river-deity woman, as she was telling it …’
i=nukar rok pe si-etaye wa isam
4.O=see PRF NMLZ AUTOC-withdraw CONJ not.exist
‘The thing that had caught sight of me withdrew and was gone.’
pet or ta ran=an wa suy cep-koyki=an rok ayne
river place LOC descend.SG=4.S CONJ again fish-catch=4.S PL.PRF then
‘I went down to the river and caught fish again, and at last …’
i=tomteresu i=pirkaresu
4.O=raise.finely 4.O=raise.well
‘raised me with care and raised me well’
pirka ipe i=eresu kor an=an
good food 4.O=raise.on and 4.S=exist
‘they were raising me on good food’
sekor a=onaha a=unuhu haweoka kor i=kimatekka hine
QUOT 4.POSS=father 4.POSS=mother say.thus CONJ 4.O=encourage CONJ
‘Saying so, my father and my mother encouraged me on and then …’
iwor or ta an wa
mountains inside.of LOC exist.S CONJ
‘being in the mountains …’
e=kor iwatarap apunno hon or ta anakne apunno an wa
2SG.A=have infant gently womb inside.of LOC TOP gently exist.S CONJ
‘your infant, peacefully in your womb …’
poro cise an hine
big house exist CONJ
‘There was a big house, and —’
ramat-kor wa an
soul-have CONJ exist
‘having gained a soul; being in possession of a soul’
tane pakno e=poro ru-we ne korka
now till 2SG.S=be.big track-POSS COP but
‘You have grown big, but …’
tapan kina a=e p ne toan kina somo a=e p ne
this plant 4.A=eat NMLZ COP that plant NEG 4.A=eat NMLZ COP
‘This plant is one that people eat; that plant is one that people do not eat.’
a=e=túskote kuni p ne ru-we ne na
4.A=2SG.O=tie.up PURP NMLZ COP track-POSS COP FIN
‘You will surely be tied up.’
a ahun kuni a=ye akusu toykooripak
PFV enter COMP 4.A=say CONJ be.abashed
‘When I told them to enter, they were very abashed.’
ahun kuni a=ye akusu toykooripak
enter PURP 4.A=say when be.very.abashed
‘When I told them to enter, they were very abashed.’
míre kuni p ére kuni p nepki ne ki wa
clothe PURP NMLZ feed PURP NMLZ be.work COP do CONJ
‘making things to clothe (the grandchild) and things to feed (her) her work,’
ahun kuni a=ye akusu toykooripak
enter PURP 4.A=say CONJ be.very.abashed
‘When I told them to enter, they were very abashed.’
míre kuni p ére kuni p nepki ne ki wa
clothe PURP NMLZ feed PURP NMLZ task COP do CONJ
‘making things to clothe (the grandchild) and things to feed (the grandchild) her task,’
a=e=túskote kuni p ne ru-we ne na
4.A=2SG.O=tie.up PURP NMLZ COP track-POSS COP FIN
‘You will surely be tied up.’
nen poka iki wa yayetuytak kuni p ne ru-we ne na
who even do CONJ make.a.living PURP NMLZ COP track-POSS COP FIN
‘Somehow, (the old man) will surely manage to make a living.’
sine ancikar ne wa ek=an kusu ne na
one night COP CONJ come=4.S PURP COP FIN
‘After one night, I will come.’
kesto kesto iki=an kor an=an
every.day every.day do=4.S while exist=4.S
‘I went on living, doing this day after day.’
yuk as wa an na
deer stand CONJ exist FIN
‘A deer is standing.’
nani pirka nankor
soon be.good probably
‘It will probably get better soon.’
aoka ka sikunu=an easkay pe ne na
we even survive=4.S be.able NMLZ COP FIN
‘We too can survive.’
soyne=an ka eaykap kusu
go.out=4.S even be.unable because
‘because I cannot go outside,’
nisatta onuman anakne sine ancikar ne kusu
tomorrow evening TOP one night COP FIN
‘Tomorrow evening, it will be just one night.’
apeoy anak an hine ape ruyruy kor an
hearth TOP exist CONJ fire burn.vigorously while exist
‘The hearth was there, and the fire was burning vigorously.’
an epitta paye=an kusu ne na
one throughout go=4.S PURP COP FIN
‘I intend to travel through the night.’
yukkoterke kor an ayne
leap.at.deer while exist then
‘while (he) was springing upon the deer —’
sittokap kor pon seta turano sinot=an kor an=an ayne
noon when small dog with play=4.S while exist=4.S then
‘at noon I would always play with the puppy, and’
ek wa an pe hoppa kor
come CONJ exist NMLZ send.away CONJ
‘taking away what had arrived, and’
tane rikin wa isam pe okake ta
now ascend CONJ be.gone NMLZ after LOC
‘Now, after (the god) had ascended and vanished,’
iyos onne pa wa isam
then grow.old PL CONJ be.gone
‘Then they grew old and passed away.’
caricari wa isam ru-we ne kuni a=ramu kor
be.scattered CONJ be.gone track-POSS COP COMP 4.A=think while
‘(while she was) thinking that (things) had been scattered and vanished,’
sittokap kor pon seta turano sinot=an kor an=an ayne
noon while little dog together play=4.S while exist=4.S as
‘Every noon she would play with the puppy,’
e=ahunke yak pirka na
2SG.A=let.in COND be.good FIN
‘You should let them in.’
sinotca-easkay=an
song.compose-be.able=4.S
‘I could compose songs.’
aoka ka sikunu=an easkay pe ne na
we even survive=4.S be.able NMLZ COP FIN
‘We too can survive.’
yaykata kina poka a=kar easkay hi neno
by.oneself greens just 4.A=gather be.able NMLZ since
‘from when she could gather wild greens by herself’
soyne=an ka eaykap kusu
go.out=4.S even be.unable because
‘because I cannot go outside,’
aynu mosir ka ta ney ta pakno an=an ka eaykap kusu
human land even LOC wherever LOC until exist=4.S even be.unable because
‘because I cannot stay in the human realm indefinitely,’
somo a=ahunke eaykap pe ne na
NEG 4.A=let.in be.unable NMLZ COP FIN
‘There is no way one cannot let (you) in.’
somo a=ahunke eaykap pe ne na e=ahunke yak pirka na
NEG 4.A=enter.SG be.unable NMLZ COP FIN 2SG.A=enter.SG if be.good FIN
‘There is nothing stopping you from going in — you should go in.’
oro ta ek nankor kusu
there LOC come probably because
‘because he will probably come there,’
an epitta paye=an kusu ne na
one entire go.PL=4.S PURP COP FIN
‘I intend to go, spending a whole night.’
arki=an pa sir-i ne na
come.PL=4.S now appearance-POSS COP FIN
‘(We) have now arrived!’
tane a=ko-onne sir-i ne wa tapne
now 4.A=APPL-be.old appearance-POSS COP CONJ thus
‘And so I have aged along with it, as one can see —’
i=resu sir-i an sekor yaynu=an kor an=an a p
4.O=raise appearance-POSS exist QUOT 4.S=think while 4.S=exist PFV NMLZ
‘I had been thinking that (my older sibling) was raising me, but (it turned out otherwise)…’
e=hosipi haw-e ne kusu tane anakne a=eyayramkar pe ne na
2SG.S=return voice-POSS COP PURP now TOP 4.A=resign NMLZ COP FIN
‘Because you returned (so they/you said), I will now resign myself.’
a=ruska hum-i ne pekor yay-nu=an
4.A=be.angry sound-POSS COP like REFL-hear=4.S
‘It felt as though anger was welling up.’
hum-as hum-i ne kunak ku=ramu kor ku=soyne a p
sound-stand sound-POSS COP COMP 1SG.A=think while 1SG.S=go.outside PFV NMLZ
‘Thinking that it sounded like there was a noise, I went outside — but (nothing was there).’
aynu ek hum-i as
person come sound-POSS stand
‘The sound of someone arriving was heard.’
poro cep a=ne hum-i ne hum-i as orano a=yupi-hi os ma=an wa
big fish 4.A=COP sound-POSS COP sound-POSS stand after.that 4.POSS=elder.brother-POSS follow swim=4.S CONJ
‘It felt as though I had become a great fish, and then I swam after my elder brother.’
poro cep a=ne hum-i ne hum-i as orano
big fish 4.A=COP hum-POSS COP hum-POSS stand after
‘Feeling as though I were a great fish, and as that sensation arose —’
iteki i=tura no
PROH 4.O=accompany CONJ
‘Do not follow me.’
rikun kanto ta a=saha i=resu hine oka=an pe ne hike
above sky LOC 4.POSS=elder.sister 4.O=raise CONJ exist.PL=4.S NMLZ COP CONJ
‘My elder sister in the sky raised me, and we lived on, and …’
nea pon yuk a=rayke akusu
that small deer 4.A=kill CONJ
‘After killing that small deer, …’
an=nu akus a=kor yupo utar hawetoko koeskari.
4.A=hear CONJ 4.A=have elder.brother PL voice fall.silent
‘When it was heard, my brothers' voices suddenly fell silent.’
e=hosipi haw-e ne kusu tane anakne a=eyayramkar pe ne na
2SG.S=return voice-POSS COP CONJ now TOP 4.A=give.up NMLZ COP FIN
‘Because you came back (as they say), now I give up.’
paye=an kusu ne na
go=4.S PURP COP FIN
‘(She) intends to go.’
a=yupi-hi an hine oka=an pe ne hike
4.POSS=elder.brother-POSS exist CONJ exist.PL=4.S NMLZ COP CONJ
‘My elder brother was there, and we lived on — and, being that, …’
rikun kanto ta a=sa-ha i=resu hine oka=an pe ne hike
be.high heaven LOC 4.POSS=elder.sister-POSS 4.O=raise CONJ exist.PL=4.S NMLZ COP CONJ
‘In the upper sky, my elder sister raised me, and we lived on — and, being that, …’
a=kor seta anakne i=oyakke oma ka somo ki p ne kusu i=sam ta ukasuy ipe=an
4.A=have dog TOP 4.O=go.far go even NEG do NMLZ COP because 4.O=vicinity LOC together eat=4.S
‘My dog never went far from me, so we ate together beside each other.’
a=kor seta anakne i=oyakke oma ka somo ki p ne kusu i=sam ta ukasuy ipe=an
4.A=have dog TOP 4.O=leave approach even NEG do NMLZ COP PURP 4.O=side LOC together eat=4.S
‘My dog, as for it, never left my side, so it ate with me.’
an epitta paye=an kusu ne na
one throughout go.PL=4.S PURP COP FIN
‘I plan to go [there] travelling the whole night.’
tane pirka ru-we he an
now good track-POSS Q exist
‘Is it all right now?’
tane pirka ru-we he an
now good track-POSS Q exist
‘Is it good now?’
huci ape en=epunkine wa apunno
grandmother fire 1SG.O=protect.conj CONJ safely
‘Fire grandmother, protect me and [let me return] safely.’
yaykata ka k=e hike, iyotta keraan wa
oneself also 1SG.A=eat but most be.delicious CONJ
‘I ate some myself too, but it was the most delicious —’
sekor ku=hawean akusu orano
QUOT 1SG.S=say COND then
‘…after I said that, and then, …’
honkor hi e-yay-oyamokte newaanpe
become.pregnant NMLZ APPL-REFL-be.surprised ANAPH
‘She was surprised herself that she had become pregnant, and as for that, …’
oyna ne ciki yukar-i ne ciki
oyna COP COND yukar-POSS COP COND
‘whether it be an oyna or a yukar’
ipinu pa katu ka a=erampewtek no yukar he oyna he ki pa kor
hear PFV but FOC 4=know.NEG COND yukar DISJ oyna DISJ do PFV CONJ
‘I did not know whether they were listening secretly, but I heard them doing yukar or oyna.’
uwepeker ku=ye kusu ne a korka
prose.tale 1SG.A=say because COP 4 CONJ
‘I will tell a uwepeker, but…’
somo itak=an hi ne sekor haw-e-an=an kor
NEG speak=4.S NMLZ COP QUOT voice-POSS-exist=4.S while
‘Saying, 'One does not speak.'’
menoko-yukar sekor sake=ko=ye kor
woman-yukar QUOT sakehe=COMIT=say CONJ
‘A menoko yukar is told with the refrain (sakekoye); but when one does not say the sakehe, one tells it as a uwepeker (prose tale).’
a=onaha a=unuhu wakkauskamuy ne wa
4.A=poss.father 4.A=poss.mother water-deity COP CONJ
‘[My] father and mother were water-deities, and …’
yaykeste=an wa tan uske ta ek=an wa an=an ruwe ne korka
wander.about=4.S CONJ DEM place LOC come=4.S CONJ exist=4.S track-POSS COP but
‘I wandered about and came to this place and have been living here, but …’
kampi an=euytek pe moyuk tono
document 4.A=dispatch NMLZ tanuki lord
‘the raccoon-dog lord, dispatched with a written order’
a=ne ruwe ne sekor amameponcikappo isoytak
4=COP track-POSS COP QUOT little.sparrow tell.tale.PFV
‘[…and so] I was [one of them] — thus Little Sparrow told the tale.’
a=poho a=kore
4.POSS=child 4.A=give
‘I gave my child away.’
tu ray onkami re ray onkami
2 INT worship 3 INT worship
‘[She] worshipped greatly, twice and three times.’
ko-onkami a ko-onkami a ayne ora
APPL-worship 4 APPL-worship 4 PFV CONJ
‘Having worshipped [the deity] again and again, finally…’
Sentences of the first edition citing this source
- The ILCAA Ainu materials — recordings made at the Tokyo University of Foreign Studies Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, 1976–1984 — cover Saru and Shizunai narrators performing uwepeker, kamuy yukar, and prayer texts. no page The Oral-Literature Corpus and Spoken-Language Data
- The contrast between verse and prose registers can be heard in native metalinguistic commentary within the corpus. 川上まつ子 describes the menoko yukar genre explicitly in terms of the sakehe (refrain): performing with the refrain marks the piece as menoko yukar, while omitting it and delivering the same content in prose style makes it an uwepeker — a speaker's formulation that identifies the sakehe as the primary formal diagnostic. no page The Oral-Literature Corpus and Spoken-Language Data
- The ILCAA aligned Saru/Shizunai audio-text materials from recordings of 1976–1984 . no page The Dialect Sample and the Corpus-Quantification Method
- The possessive use of hawe 'voice' is attested in ILCAA oral-literature texts . no page The Alienable/Inalienable Split and Possessive Classification
- The corpus yields iwor so ka a=ehóyupu wa 'flew over the top of the hunting ground's upper part' (lit. hunting-ground + upper-back + top + 4.A=fly.around + CONJ) , where so 'upper-back area' specifies the subregion of iwor 'hunting ground', and ka then positions the protagonist above that subregion (, Kawagami Matsuko, uwepeker 民話8, aa-irc/006 line 52). no page Relational and Spatial (Locative) Nouns and Their Possessed Forms
- Kawakami Matsuko uses cep-koyki=an repeatedly in narrative; the 4th-person S suffix =an appears on what is otherwise the transitive root koyki : no page Object (Patient) Noun Incorporation
- The same frame with the 4th-person intransitive suffix =an — a=kohon-kor wa an=an 'was pregnant with (lit. hold-belly-have, one-exists)' (川上まつ子, 民話23 [aa-irc/023#74]) — shows noun incorporation, possessive predication, resultative aspect, and 4th-person marking interacting in a single verb complex. no page Predicative Possession: kor, Existential Possession, and isam
- The corpus example from Kawakami Matsuko above — 'when I told them to enter' — shows the fourth-person speaker (a=ye) directing a different group (the addressees) toward an action (ahun 'enter') whose agent goes unmarked in the embedded clause because it is recoverable from discourse ‹corpus-suggested›. no page Nominalized Complements and Control/Raising
- In an uwepeker narrated by Kawakami Matsuko, the sentence a=kor seta anakne i=oyakke oma ka somo ki p ne kusu i=sam ta ukasuy ipe=an — 'my dog, as for it, never left my side, so it ate (together) with me' — introduces the dog as topic with anakne and then tracks it by zero anaphora and person indices through the remainder of the episode (Kawakami Matsuko, AA研アイヌ語資料, Saru [aa-irc/009#393]). no page Reference Tracking and Argument Continuity
- A speaker of the Saru dialect, 川上まつ子, recorded an explicit account of the menoko yukar genre: the genre is told with a sakehe refrain (sakekoye), but the narrator herself preferred to deliver it without the sakehe, as an uwepeker . no page The Oral-Literature Genre System and Its Grammatical Signatures
- Similarly, the mid-Saru narrator 川上まつ子 (Kawakami Matsuko, ILCAA corpus) describes how the menoko yukar ('female heroic epic') differs from the prose alternative she uses: one is told with the sakehe (sakekoye), the other as an uwepeker (prose tale), and the version with sakehe runs long while the prose version is short . no page Glossed Verse: A Yukar Heroic Epic and a Kamuy Yukar God-Song
- Corpus attestation of the narrative a= comes predominantly from prose tale (uwepeker) texts , where the same convention applies. no page Glossed Verse: A Yukar Heroic Epic and a Kamuy Yukar God-Song
- In one Saru uwepeker, the narrator 川上まつ子 lists the offerings: kamuynomi atpa ne, a=nomi wa inaw ne ciki sake ne ciki sito ne ciki pirka uske 'at the start of the kamuy-nomi, [we] worship and (offer) fine things — inaw, sake, dumplings…' (川上まつ子, AA研 uwepeker 12, Saru). no page A Glossed Inonno-itak (Ritual Prayer)
- The primary documented prayer text accessible for grammatical analysis is the Monbetsu (Biratori) example attributed to 鍋澤モトゾウ (Motoanrek), cited and analysed by ; further attested prayer language appears in the Biratori oral-literature archives and in the ILCAA Ainu language materials through prosodic and formulaic phrases embedded in narrators' own metalinguistic commentary. no page A Glossed Inonno-itak (Ritual Prayer)