8. The Oral-Literature Corpus and Spoken-Language Data

Oral literature as the primary documentary resource 1 claims ·4 sentences

What is the primary source of documentation for the grammar of Hokkaido Ainu?

1. The volume of audio and textual documentation preserved for Ainu is exceptionally large relative to other endangered languages.
   他の消滅危機言語と比較して、アイヌ語に関して保存されている音声および文字資料の分量は例外的に多い。
   other ainu all
   asserts nakagawa2024
   • nakagawa2024:14 asserts checked

The recording and publication tradition 3 claims ·0 sentences

How have Ainu oral narratives been recorded and published over time?

1. Bronisław Piłsudski documented Ainu oral folklore on wax phonograph cylinders in addition to handwritten notes.
   ピウスツキは手書きの記録に加えてエジソン式蝋管蓄音機を用いてアイヌの口承文芸を録音・記録した。
   other ainu all
   asserts majewicz2022
   • majewicz2022:4.7 asserts checked
2. Piłsudski's 1912 monograph represents the first substantial published collection of Sakhalin Ainu narrative texts with parallel translations.
   ピウスツキの1912年の著作は、英語対訳を伴う樺太アイヌ語テキストのまとまった公刊コレクションとして最初のものである。
   existence sakhalin all
   asserts nakagawa2024
   • nakagawa2024:81 asserts checked
   • supports: Bronisław Piłsudski documented Ainu oral folklore on wax phonograph cylinders in addition to handwritten notes.— Piłsudski's 1912 text collection directly reflects his early fieldwork and audio-visual recording efforts.
3. Kindaichi's 1914 publication recorded from Higashiuchi Chuzo is the only published text of Sakhalin Ainu hawki epics.
   金田一京助が東内忠蔵から採録した『北蝦夷古謡遺篇』（1914）は、公刊された唯一の樺太アイヌ語ハウキ（英雄叙事詩）資料である。
   existence sakhalin all hawki
   asserts nakagawa2024
   • nakagawa2024:82 asserts checked

Chiri Yukie and the pre-war foundations 7 sentences· 1 examples

What is the earliest published collection of Ainu oral literature and what are its linguistic features?

Post-war field documentation 10 sentences

What is the main source of post-war recordings in the Ainu corpus?

Continuing documentation: text series, corpora, and modern prose 2 claims ·9 sentences

What is the most extensively annotated single-narrator Hokkaido Ainu corpus in print?

1. Majewicz (1998) published parallel-translated Sakhalin Ainu materials collected by Piłsudski, comprising one ucaskoma, eleven tuita, and fifty inon itak.
   Majewicz (1998) は、ピウスツキが採録した樺太アイヌ語資料のうち散文説話（ucaskoma）1編、tuita 11編、および祈詞（inon itak）50編を対訳で公刊した。
   existence sakhalin all ucaskomatuitatuytahinon itainon itah
   asserts nakagawa2024
   • nakagawa2024:82 asserts checked
2. Beginning in the 1980s, institutional series transcribing and translating audio recordings from diverse dialects were regularly published in Hokkaido.
   1980年代以降、諸方言の録音音源を聞き起こして日本語訳を付したテキスト集が北海道内の機関によって定期的に刊行されるようになった。
   other hokkaido all
   asserts nakagawa2024
   • nakagawa2024:101 asserts checked

Major collections represented in this grammar 4 sentences

Which collections of Ainu texts are cited in a grammar of Hokkaido Ainu?

Genre-conditioned grammar and the corpus as evidence 10 sentences· 3 examples

How do different genres of Ainu oral literature affect grammatical constructions?

Dialect and genre coverage 2 claims ·8 sentences

Which dialects and genres are most represented in the corpus used for a grammar of Hokkaido Ainu?

1. Known Ainu oral literature materials exhibit a pronounced regional bias, with abundant texts from Hidaka and Iburi but very few from northern and eastern Hokkaido.
   知られているアイヌ語口承文芸資料には著しい地域的偏りがあり、日高・胆振地方の資料が豊富であるのに対して北海道北部や東部の資料は極めて乏しい。
   other hokkaido all
   asserts endo2022
   • endo2022:10.5 asserts checked
2. The Saru dialect of Hidaka represents a direct modern descendant of Classical Ainu as preserved in heroic epics such as Itadorimaru.
   日高地方の沙流方言は、虎杖丸などの英雄叙事詩に伝えられる古典アイヌ語の直接の末裔にあたる。
   membership hokkaido/southwest/saru all
   asserts shibatani1990
   • shibatani1990:8 asserts checked

Philological constraints 19 sentences

What philological constraints limit the reliability of the Ainu corpus as evidence?