Knowledge base · Part VII — Possession and the Affiliative System

44. Concept Form vs. Affiliative (Possessed) Form

What is the distinction between the concept form and the affiliative form of nouns in Hokkaido Ainu?

北海道アイヌ語の名詞における概念形と所属形の区別は何か？

The functional opposition between the bare concept form (概念形) and the affiliative/possessed form (所属形), and the rule that inalienable nouns are obligatorily affiliative when possessed.

candidate topic from the first edition topic:nominal/concept-form-affiliative-form read this topic as text

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1. West Coast Sakhalin Ainu developed possessive forms for all nouns, plural possessive marking on nouns, and third-person plural marking on verbs.
   西海岸樺太アイヌ語では、すべての名詞に対する所属形、名詞上の複数所有標示、動詞上の三人称複数標示が発達した。
   diachrony sakhalin generic
   asserts bugaeva2016
   • bugaeva2016 asserts checked
2. In the Sakhalin Ainu possessive construction, the possessee takes the possessive suffixes -hV or -V(hV) and is marked with an A prefix for the person and number of the possessor, while the third person is zero-marked.
   樺太アイヌ語の所属構文において、被所有者は所属接尾辞-hVまたは-V(hV)を取り、所有者の人称と数を表すA接頭辞で標示されるが、3人称はゼロ標示される。
   form-function sakhalin generic -hV-V(hV)
   asserts bugaeva2016
   • bugaeva2016 asserts checked
3. In Sakhalin Ainu, the main-clause nominalized predicate [(np…) v-poss]MC occurs in assertions, content questions, polar questions, and exclamations.
   樺太アイヌ語において、主節名詞化述語[(np…) v-poss]MCは断定、疑問詞疑問、真偽疑問、および感嘆の文脈で生起する。
   distribution sakhalin generic v-poss
   asserts bugaeva2016
   • bugaeva2016 asserts checked
4. Murasaki (1979) treats Sakhalin Ainu hVV as a separate word without identifying it with nominal possessive endings or explaining its alternating vowel.
   村崎（1979）は樺太アイヌ語のhVVを名詞の所属形語尾と同定せず、独立した単語として記述し、母音交替の理由を説明していない。
   analysis sakhalin generic hVV
   reports bugaeva2016
   • bugaeva2016 reports checked
5. In Sakhalin Ainu, the v-poss form is in most cases followed by conjunctions or auxiliaries that synchronically or diachronically contain the equative copula ne(e).
   樺太アイヌ語において、v-poss形式は大部分の場合、共時的あるいは通時的に等位係辞ne(e)を含む形式（接続詞または補助動詞）に後続される。
   distribution sakhalin usually v-possnenee
   asserts bugaeva2016
   • bugaeva2016 asserts checked
6. In Sakhalin Ainu, the copula is absent after the v-poss form only when v-poss occurs in clausal nominalizations and main clauses.
   樺太アイヌ語において、v-poss形式の後に係辞が現れないのは、v-possが節名詞化および主節で生起する場合のみである。
   distribution sakhalin all v-poss
   asserts bugaeva2016
   • bugaeva2016 asserts checked
7. Because the changes in ordinary nouns and locative nouns are morphologically and syntactically different, the terms conceptual form and affiliative form are restricted to ordinary nouns, while locative noun forms are termed the basic form and the long form.
   普通名詞と位置名詞の変化は形態的にも統語機能的にも異なるため、「概念形」「所属形」という術語は普通名詞に限定し、位置名詞の形式は「基本形」「長形」と呼ぶ。
   terminology ainu all
   proposes nakagawa2022pos
   • nakagawa2022pos:14.3 proposes checked

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