Knowledge base · Part IV — Prosody and the Pitch-Accent System
25. Lexical/Contrastive Accent and Minimal Pairs
How does the language distinguish rule-derived accent from lexically specified accent, as shown by minimal pairs?
規則で決まるアクセントと語彙指定のアクセントを、最小対によってどのように区別するか？
How much accent is rule-derived versus lexically specified, demonstrated through pitch-only minimal and near-minimal pairs.
candidate topic from the first edition topic:prosody/lexical-contrastive-accent-minimal-pairs read this topic as text
Local network
The chapter, its sections, the sources it cites, the chapters it cross-references, the forms it mentions most, and the claims grouped under it with the sources that assert, propose, doubt or reject each.
Sources
| Source | Citations | Without page | Statements |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nakagawa 2024 | 14 | 1 | 1 |
| Shiraishi 2022 | 7 | 1 | 2 |
| Itabashi 2001 | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| Nakagawa & Fukazawa 2022 | 4 | 1 | |
| Satō 2008 | 4 | 3 | |
| aynu-corpora Discord 2023–2026 | 3 | 3 | |
| Refsing 1986 | 3 | 1 | |
| Alonso de la Fuente 2022 | 1 | 1 | |
| Bugaeva 2022 | 1 | 1 | |
| Kindaichi & Chiri 1936 | 1 | 1 | |
| Murasaki 2025 | 1 | 1 | |
| Okuda 2022 | 1 | 1 |
Related chapters
- Accent in Compounds and under Affixation and Cliticization ×4
- Index of Subjects ×4
- The Pitch-Accent Placement Rule and the Accented/Accentless Dialect Split ×3
- The Prosodic Unit and the Accent-versus-Tone Analysis ×2
- Architecture of the Personal-Affix System: The Four Persons and the S/A/O Paradigms ×1
- Hokkaido Dialect Microvariation: Phonology and Morphosyntax ×1
- Syllable Structure, Phonotactics, and Word-Edge Constraints ×1
- Phrasal and Utterance Intonation ×1
Forms mentioned
nísap 2kamuynomi 2cápe 1húci 1húra 1húre 1káni 1kéra 1míci 1mína 1nína 1núman 1páse 1sápo 1sések 1síno 1sísam 1túki 1túnas 1úsey 1yúpo 1ku= 1e= 1ci= 1a= 1eci= 1ku↗ani 1ku↗a↘ni 1ku↘ani 1nisáp 1notákam 1notakám 1sinúye 1sinuyé 1tampaku 1-m 1támpaku 1potoloko 1potóloko 1kamúy 1
Claims
A claim is one proposition; under it stand the statements of each source, with the stance that source takes. Claims are grouped by a model from the extracted statements and carry that status until reviewed.
Sections
·
Predictable and lexically specified accent 10 sentences
What determines whether accent placement is predictable by syllable weight or lexically specified?
Minimal and near-minimal pairs 3 claims ·16 sentences
What minimal pairs illustrate lexical contrast in accent?
- Across Ainu dialects with pitch accent, a small number of minimal pairs contrast solely in the position of pitch accent.アイヌ語において、ピッチアクセントの位置のみで対立するごく少数の最小対が存在する。reports shiraishi2022
- shiraishi2022:13.5 reports checked
- In Saru Ainu, a fixed set of words have irregular accent on an open initial syllable, creating minimal pairs distinguished solely by accent position.沙流アイヌ語では、第1音節が開音節であるにもかかわらず高音となる不規則な語が一定数存在し、アクセント位置のみで区別される最小対を形成する。asserts nakagawa2024
- nakagawa2024:51 asserts anchored
- supports: Across Ainu dialects with pitch accent, a small number of minimal pairs contrast solely in the position of pitch accent.— Identifies the lexical source of pitch-accent minimal pairs in Saru
- In Hokkaido Ainu, the adverb tetá 'the other day' contrasts in accent with téta 'here'.北海道アイヌ語において、「この間」を意味する副詞 tetá は「ここに」を意味する téta とアクセントで対立する。asserts sato2008
- sato2008:186 asserts checked
- supports: Across Ainu dialects with pitch accent, a small number of minimal pairs contrast solely in the position of pitch accent.— Provides an attested minimal pair contrasting téta and tetá
Functional load of the accent contrast 1 claims ·15 sentences
What is the functional load of the accent contrast?
- In Shizunai Ainu, only a small number of minimal pairs are distinguished solely by accent.静内アイヌ語において、アクセントのみによって意味が弁別される最小対はごくわずかしか存在しない。asserts refsing1986
- refsing1986:75 asserts checked
- refines(differs in dialect): Across Ainu dialects with pitch accent, a small number of minimal pairs contrast solely in the position of pitch accent.— Applies the general claim about minimal pairs specifically to Shizunai Ainu functional load
Accent of loanwords and reduplicated forms 15 sentences
How are loanwords and reduplicated forms assigned accent?