Knowledge base · Part XIII — Nominalization, Relativization, and Complementation · this topic as a network

104. Headless, Internally-Headed, and Noun-Modifying Clause Analyses

What is the syntactic analysis of noun-modifying clauses in Hokkaido Ainu?

1 sentences from 12 sources · every sentence names the pages it rests on

The formal-noun inventory for headless nominalizations

What is the inventory and properties of formal nouns used as generic heads in headless noun-modifying clauses?

ku=kor-kur

1SG.A=have-NMLZ

‘the one I have; my husband’

Shibatani 1990: 34 · HK

cise soy pakno arki utar

house doorway up.to come.PL people

‘the men who came up to the doorway of the house’

Bugaeva 2015: 47 · SAR

kem sawot pe tumi sawot pe

famine flee NMLZ war flee NMLZ

‘those who flee famine, those who flee war’

Bugaeva 2015: 48 · SAR

Headless nominalizations across the accessibility hierarchy

Which argument positions can be relativized in headless nominalizations in Hokkaido Ainu, and which are inaccessible?

eun a=nu usi ka isam

to 4.A=hear place even NEG.exist

‘there was no place to ask about’

Bugaeva 2015: 49 · SAR

The appositive construction and the GNMCC question

What is the appositive construction in Hokkaido Ainu, and how does it differ from the perception-complement construction?

Ainu possesses a noun-modifying construction equivalent to the Japanese 'soto no kankei' type, in which the head noun cannot appear as an argument or adjunct in a corresponding non-relative clause. (Bugaeva 2012: 480–481)

aynu ek hum

person come sound

‘the sound of a man's coming’

Shibatani 1990: 41 · HK

okkayo cis sir

man cry appearance

‘a sight of a man's crying’

Shibatani 1990: 41 · HK

pirka aynu a=ne hum as

good person 4.A=COP sound exist

‘(someone) felt like a good person’

Bugaeva 2015: 100 · SAR