Knowledge base · Part XVIII — Information Structure, Sentence-Final Particles, and Minor Classes · this topic as a network
141. Cleft, Pseudocleft, and Nominalization-Based Focus
How does the language express identificational and predicate focus using nominalization and the copula?
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Argument focus and predicate focus
How does the language distinguish argument focus from predicate focus in nominalization-based constructions?
kani ku=e pe ne
1SG 1SG.A=eat NMLZ COP
‘I am the one who ate it.’
cep a=e pe ne
fish 4.A=eat NMLZ COP
‘What one eats is fish.’
ku=nu hi anak k=eramuan pe ne korka tasa itak anak k=eranpewtek
1SG.A=hear NMLZ TOP 1SG.A=understand NMLZ COP CONJ reply speech TOP 1SG.A=not.know
‘The question I heard I understand, but how to reply I do not know.’
The naming cleft: sekor a=ye … ne
How does the language construct a cleft that identifies a referent by its name or label?
tap a=ye katu Piratur sekor a=ye hawe ne
now 4.A=say manner-POSS Piratur QUOT 4.A=say voice-POSS COP
‘The current way of calling it is called Piratur.’
Illocutionary force: the ne/an/∅ alternation
How does the language use the alternation of copula forms to indicate illocutionary force in nominalization-based clauses?
hemanta ne kusu ene siran hi an
why COP because thus appear NMLZ exist
‘Why has the situation come to be like this?’
Focus particles and kakari-musubi concord
How does the language use adverbial particles to mark delimiting and scalar focus, and what is their distribution?
cikap ta ku=ne
bird EMPH 1SG.S=COP
‘Would that I were a bird!’
newaanpe patek tasi a=eranak nek
that FOC EMPH 4.A=worry FIN
‘That alone is precisely what worries me.’
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