Knowledge base · Part V — Morphophonology and Sandhi · this topic as a network
30. Citation vs Combining Stem Shapes and Support Vowels
How do citation and combining stem shapes differ in Hokkaido Ainu, including support vowels, truncation, and consonant alternations?
1 sentences from 11 sources · every sentence names the pages it rests on
Overview
What phonological conditions govern the alternation between citation and combining forms in Hokkaido Ainu?
In Sakhalin Ainu, non-phonemic epenthetic vowels appear in pronunciation and are inserted in transcription to improve readability, as in 'omanu wa 'isam (Murasaki 2025).
generated 1 claims ·
The t + i → ci rule at morpheme junctions
How does the /t/ + /i/ junction palatalize in Hokkaido Ainu?
usa mat-ikor usa tamasay
various woman-treasure various bead.necklace
‘women's treasures and bead-necklaces’
Vowel elision in the combining forms of ku= and ci=
How do the prefixes ku= and ci= reduce before vowel-initial stems in Hokkaido Ainu?
k=oman
1SG.S=go
‘I go / I am going.’
ku=iunin
1SG.S=ache
‘I ache.’
at-rus → attus: a compound assimilation
How does the compound at-rus become attus in Hokkaido Ainu, and what are its dialect reflexes?
hangan attus mi wa
magistrate attus.robe wear CONJ
‘The magistrate put on an attus robe and …’