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Ochiai 2026

Ochiai Izumi 落合いずみ (2026). 日本語借用形から探るアイヌ語sikerpe「キハダの実」の語源[The etymology of Ainu sikerpe "Amur cork tree fruit" as revealed by its Japanese loan forms]. 北方言語研究 [Northern Language Studies], 16: 175–199.

prior-analysis general

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1. Ochiai's study of demonstrates a methodological corollary from the reverse direction: a Japanese dialect tree-name preserving a reconstructible intermediate Ainu form — *si kor pe before the change to sikerpe — can be used both to date the borrowing and to anchor the proto-Ainu reconstruction . 199 Japanese Loanwords and Their Phonological Adaptation
2. The proto-form shifted to sikerpe through w-deletion and regressive vowel assimilation (o → e) . 196–199 Ainu Loanwords and Toponymy in Japanese
3. A cluster of Japanese dialectal names for the same tree — most conservatively sikorope in Akita, with reduced forms sikoro, sikonohe, siko no ki elsewhere — are loans from Ainu *si kor pe, borrowed before the Ainu vowel change to *si ker pe had completed . 199 Ainu Loanwords and Toponymy in Japanese
4. Second, the Japanese form preserves the earlier vowel /o/ in the second syllable, showing that the borrowing antedates the Ainu sound change; this gives a terminus ante quem for the Ainu historical phonology, linking contact evidence to reconstruction . 197–199 Ainu Loanwords and Toponymy in Japanese