Draft. This grammar is still under revision and has not
been checked thoroughly, so it may contain clear errors. For reliable reference, use Nakagawa
(2024) 『アイヌ語広文典 』 (Ainugo kōbunten ).
Knowledge base · network view
Topics, sources and their links Chapter topics sit inside their parts; a chapter is linked to every source it cites (line width follows
the count) and to the chapters it cross-references. Click a topic or a source to open its page; hover
for counts. Statements extracted from the sources appear on the topic pages, each with its own local
network.
Find Part All parts The Language and Its Setting Sources, Conventions, Glossing, and Orthography Segmental Phonetics, Phonology, and Phonotactics Prosody and the Pitch-Accent System Morphophonology and Sandhi Word Classes and Nominal Morphology Possession and the Affiliative System Pronouns, Demonstratives, Postpositions, and Numerals The Verb: Structure, Transitivity, and Verbal Number The Personal-Affix System and Alignment Valency, Voice, and Noun Incorporation The Simple Clause and Nonverbal Predication Nominalization, Relativization, and Complementation Tense, Aspect, Mood, and Modality Evidentiality and Mirativity Negation Clause Linkage and Adverbial Subordination Information Structure, Sentence-Final Particles, and Minor Classes Discourse and the Grammar of Oral Literature Diachrony, Reconstruction, and Dialectology Language Contact and the Lexicon Glossed Texts Reference Apparatus (Back Matter) Labels Parts and large nodes All None Kinds
Topic (chapter) 178 Source 173 Part 23 Links
Reference Grammar · References · Abbreviations © 2026 A Grammar of Hokkaido Ainu